Step 1: Summarize both articles
Step 2: Analyze both articles
Choose one or two central claims made by the author(s) and describe and analyze the evidence that is
used to support it (i.e., for the assignment discuss at three pieces of evidence). Finally, evaluate the
evidence used by the authors. The questions below should serve as a guide to help you evaluate evidence.
Some questions will not be relevant to the article that you are reading.
A. Use the questions below to evaluate the evidence. First decide what type of evidence the author using.
Then, describe the evidence and then analyze it. The questions below will help you analyze and
evaluate the argument.
x Is the evidence based on generalization?
x Is the evidence based on analogy, specific cases, personal experience or anecdote?
x Is the evidence based on authority?
o The author uses an authority figure (another author, a doctor, an academic) or an
institutional authority to support claims
x Does the author provide empirical evidence? Is the evidence based on experimental data?
Observational data? Survey data? To evaluate empirical evidence consider the questions below.
o Is a causal claims made (recall that only true experiments allow for causal inferences)?
If yes, is a causal claim possible? Was random assignment used? Was an
experiment used?
o Is a correlational claim made (recall these are claims about the strength and/or direction
of a relationship between two or more variables)?
If yes, are there other potential explanations for the data (e.g., potential third
variables)?
o Decide if the evidence/data is generalizable (e.g., is the data externally valid)
Is the data robust? Can it replicate in a number of settings with different samples
(e.g., is there overreliance a specific sample)?
Is it ecologically valid? Would it happen in real life, outside of the lab?
Is it relevant? Does it matter? Are the findings useful for solving problems or
improving the quality of life?
B. Why is the author using this evidence? Is it convincing?
C. To write an argument analysis, describe the main claims and explain how the author supports each
claim
