Define the symbolic function substage during the preoperational period. Provide
an example of this function. (USLO 4.3)
Explain Vygotsky’s concept of ZPD and how it can be used to help a child perform a particular task. Give an example of ZPD in action. (USLO 4.3)
Explain in detail language development in early childhood. (USLO 4.4).
Discuss initiative versus guilt and how caregivers can help foster initiative. (USLO 4.5, 4.8)
Explain gender development during early childhood. Choose two of the following to discuss in detail: gender identity, gender roles, gender schemas, and gender dysphoria. (USLO 4.6).
Describe and discuss the various types of play in early childhood. (USLO 4.7).
Define the four different types of parenting styles and explain the impact of each on a child’s development. (USLO 4.8).
During an annual checkup a parent expresses concern that their 24-month-old has not yet started “potty training.” Discuss toilet training as well as some of the elimination disorders that may be experienced in early childhood. (USLO 4.1, 4.2, 4.3)
